Hardfacing is the application of a wear-resistant metal to a part's surface. To hardface the material's surface seen in this video, spherical carbides are incorporated into a welding puddle using Gas Metal Arc Welding process, or GMAW. The video was recorded in the Research & Development Lab at ARC Specialties in Houston, TX.  The camera used was invented by former CNES astronaut Jean-Loup Chrétien, who is now the president and founder of Tietronix Optics.